بررسی اثر آستانه‌ای کارآفرینی بر رشد اقتصادی: رویکرد پانل آستانه‌ای پویا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

استادیار گروه علوم اداری و اقتصاد، دانشکده علوم انسانی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس

چکیده

هدف اصلی پژوهش حاضر، بررسی تاثیر آستانه­ای کارآفرینی بر رشد اقتصادی در نمونه‌ای از 35 کشور نوظهور از سال 2006 تا 2020 است. به صورت خاص، مطالعه حاضر در تلاش است که نه تنها تأثیر مثبت یا منفی کارآفرینی بر رشد اقتصادی را مورد ارزیابی قرار دهد؛ بلکه تغییرات غیرخطی و پیچیده‌تر این تأثیرات را نیز  تحلیل کند. به همین منظور، از داده‌های تراکم کارآفرینی ارائه شده توسط بانک جهانی و رویکرد جدید آستانه پانل پویا پیشنهاد شده توسط سئو و شین (2016) و سئو و همکاران (2019) برای بررسی اثر آستانه‌ای کارآفرینی بر رشد اقتصادی استفاده شده است. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که برای دستیابی به اثر معنادار و مثبت کارآفرینی بر رشد اقتصادی در کشورهای نوظهور، حداقل تراکم 25/3 کارآفرین برای هر 1000 نفر ضروری است. این یافته نشان می‌دهد که برای تحقق رشد اقتصادی، سیاست‌گذاران باید تلاش کنند محیطی را فراهم کنند که نه تنها کارآفرینی را ترویج دهد بلکه تا رسیدن به این آستانه خاص آن را تقویت کند. علاوه­براین، زمانی که مقادیر متغیرهایی از قبیل درآمد سرانه، باز بودن تجارت، توسعه مالی و درآمد ناشی از منابع طبیعی، بالاتر از یک سطح آستانه مشخص قرار گیرد، تأثیر معنادار کارآفرینی بر رشد اقتصادی آشکار می‌شود. این نتایج برای سیاست‌گذاران اهمیت زیادی دارد، زیرا شناسایی سطح آستانه فعالیت کارآفرینی و در نظر گرفتن عوامل زمینه‌ای، برای سیاست‌گذاران در کشورهای نوظهور، امکان فراهم آوردن بینش عملی برای طراحی سیاست‌ها و ابتکارات مؤثر برای رشد اقتصادی را فراهم می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Examining the Threshold Effect of Entrepreneurship on Economic Growth: A Dynamic Threshold Panel Approach

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohsen Mohammadi Khyareh
  • Bagher Adabi Firouzjaee
Assistant Professor, Department of Administrative Sciences and Economics, Faculty of Humanities and physical education, Gonbad Kavous University
چکیده [English]

The current research aims to explore the effects of entrepreneurship on economic growth in a sample of 35 emerging countries from 2006 to 2020, considering that these effects might not follow a simple linear and predictable pattern. In other words, this study strives not only to assess the positive or negative impact of entrepreneurship on economic growth but also to analyze the nonlinear and more intricate variations of these effects. This research utilizes entrepreneurship density data provided by the World Bank and employs the innovative dynamic threshold panel approach proposed by Seo and Shin (2016) and Seo et al. (2019) to investigate the threshold effect of entrepreneurship on economic growth. The results of this study indicate that achieving a meaningful and positive impact of entrepreneurship on economic growth in developing countries requires a minimum density of approximately 3.25 entrepreneurs per 1000 people. This finding suggests that policymakers should create an environment that not only promotes entrepreneurship but also strengthens it to reach this crucial threshold for economic growth. Additionally, when variables such as per capita income, trade openness, financial development, and income from natural resources exceed a certain threshold level, the significant effect of entrepreneurship on economic growth becomes evident. These findings are of great importance for policymakers, particularly in developing countries interested in enhancing entrepreneurship and economic growth, as they can utilize this information to design effective policies and initiatives. The identification of the threshold level of entrepreneurial activity and the consideration of contextual factors provides policymakers with practical insights for policy and initiative design.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Economic Growth
  • Dynamic Threshold Panel Approach
  • Entrepreneurship Density
  • Emerging Countries

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