تعیین کننده‌های‌ مصرف انرژی تجدید پذیر در کشورهای عضو اوپک

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد اقتصاد، دانشکده اقتصاد و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه شهیدبهشتی

2 دانشیار اقتصاد، دانشکده اقتصاد و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه شهیدبهشتی

چکیده

این پژوهش با هدف شناسایی و تحلیل عوامل مؤثر بر مصرف انرژی‌های تجدیدپذیر در کشورهای عضو اوپک طی دوره زمانی ۲۰۰۲ تا ۲۰۲۴ انجام شده است. برای این منظور، از یک مدل اقتصادسنجی داده‌های تابلویی با اثرات تصادفی استفاده شده است. متغیرهای مستقل شامل قیمت حقیقی نفت، نوآوری، باز بودن تجاری، سرمایه‌گذاری مستقیم خارجی، و اثر متقابل انتشار کربن دی‌اکسید و درآمد هستند. نتایج مدل نشان می‌دهد که نوآوری و باز بودن تجاری تأثیری مثبت و معنادار بر مصرف انرژی‌های تجدیدپذیر دارند. این یافته بر نقش کلیدی پیشرفت‌های تکنولوژیک و تعاملات جهانی در توسعه انرژی‌های پاک تأکید می‌کند. در مقابل، افزایش قیمت حقیقی نفت و همچنین درآمد همراه با افزایش انتشار کربن، تأثیری منفی و معنادار بر مصرف انرژی‌های تجدیدپذیر داشته‌اند. این یافته‌ها حاکی از آن است که درآمدهای نفتی بالا و الگوی توسعه اقتصادی مبتنی بر سوخت‌های فسیلی، انگیزه برای گذار به انرژی‌های پاک را در این کشورها کاهش می‌دهد. تأثیر سرمایه‌گذاری مستقیم خارجی بر مصرف انرژی‌های تجدیدپذیر در این دوره زمانی از نظر آماری معنادار نبوده است. این امر می‌تواند نشان‌دهنده عدم هدایت کافی این سرمایه‌ها به سمت بخش انرژی‌های سبز باشد. این نتایج به سیاست‌گذاران اوپک توصیه می‌کند که برای دستیابی به توسعه پایدار، بر تقویت نوآوری، افزایش تعاملات تجاری، و کاهش وابستگی به درآمدهای نفتی تمرکز کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Determinants of Renewable Energy Consumption in OPEC Member Countries

نویسندگان [English]

  • Paria Kavianyniya 1
  • Vida Varahrami 2
  • Hasan Dargahi 2
1 Master in Economics, Department of Economics, Shahid Beheshti University
2 Associate Professor in Economics, Department of Economics, Shahid Beheshti University
چکیده [English]

This study aims to identify and analyze the determinants of renewable energy consumption in OPEC member countries during the period 2002–2024. For this purpose, a random-effects panel data econometric model was employed. The independent variables include real oil price, innovation, trade openness, foreign direct investment, and the interaction effect of carbon dioxide emissions and GDP.  The model results indicate that innovation and trade openness have a positive and significant effect on renewable energy consumption. This finding highlights the crucial role of technological advancements and global interactions in the development of clean energy. Conversely, an increase in real oil prices and income coupled with higher carbon emissions had a negative and significant impact on renewable energy consumption. These findings suggest that high oil revenues and an economic development pattern based on fossil fuels reduce the incentive for a transition to clean energy in these countries. The effect of foreign direct investment on renewable energy consumption was not statistically significant during this period, which may indicate that this capital is not sufficiently directed toward the green energy sector. The findings recommend that OPEC policymakers should focus on fostering innovation, increasing trade interactions, and reducing their dependency on oil revenues to achieve sustainable development.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Renewable Energy Consumption
  • OPEC
  • Innovation
  • Trade Openness
  • Foreign Direct Investment

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